3mer - 3342 Words

When a new employee starts with a new company, there are several internal and external factors that can affect the employment relationship. An internal factor could be training. If an employee does not get sufficient training or the training that they may have been promised at the start of employment Three different types of employment status are an employee, a worker and self-employed. An employee can be part-time, full-time, permanent or temporary. They will work under a contract of employment which can be written or verbal. They have full rights. All employees will be workers but not all workers are employees. Workers do still have some rights. Workers will be working under various contracts. Workers do have part rights. This is one†¦show more content†¦Workers over the age of 18 are entitled to 3 different types of rest break. Employees are entitled to a 20 minutes uninterrupted break if they work for longer than 6 hours. Workers also have the right to have at least 11 hours between their shifts. They also should have at least 24 hours uninterrupted without work every week or 48 hours every fortnight. By law all workers should also not work for more than 48 hours a week on average over 17 weeks. This does not apply to workers under 18. They should not work for more than 8 hours a day and 40 hours a week. A member of staff who regularly works for at least 3 hours during the night period are referred to as night workers. The night period is between the hours of 11pm to 6am, unless the worker and employer agree a different night period but this must include midnight to 5am and the shift must be at least 7 hours long. This must be agreed in writing. Maternity leave When an employee has a baby they could be eligible for maternity leave and maternity pay. You have the right to maternity leave regardless of how long youve been in your job, how many hours you work, or how much youre paid. This is also the case for antenatal appointments. You are legally entitled to reasonable paid time off to attend antenatal appointments. Employees must take a minimum of 2 weeks off work (or 4 weeks if they are a factory worker). An employee is entitled toShow MoreRelated3MER Assignment3584 Words   |  15 Pagesï » ¿Supporting Good Practice in Managing Employment Relations (3MER) Supporting Good Practice in Managing Employment Relations (3MER) Employee Relations management(3MER) Content 1.1 Internal and external factors that influence employee relations 1.2 Types of employment status 1.3 The importance of employment status 1.1 The importance of work life balance and legislation that influence it 1.2 Legal support for employees as a family member 1.3 The importance of equality pay 1.4 LegislationRead More3MER Assignment2657 Words   |  11 PagesFOUNDATION CHRP CLD ASSESSMENT Supporting Good Practice in Managing Employment Relations (3MER) 3MER_F205A_HR June – Optional Unit Assessment – Version 3 June 2012 Student name: CRITERIA PASS/REFER COMMENTS LO1: Understand the impact of employment law at the start of the employment relationship. 1.1 Describe the internal and external factors that impact on the employment relationship. 1.2 Explain the different types of employment status 1.3 Identify and analyse the reasons why itRead MoreCipd-3mer3613 Words   |  15 PagesCIPD – 3MER – Supporting Good Practice in Managing Employment Relations. It is important when employing someone new to create a good working relationship from the beginning there are both internal and external factors that can impact and effect employment relationships. An internal factor could be a good benefits and incentives package if it is a desirable package it may create a hardworking staff force from the beginning of the employment, for example an enhanced maternity package could see youRead MoreCIPD 3MER3192 Words   |  13 Pages1, An employment relationship describes the dynamic, interlocking economic, legal, social and psychological relations that exist between individuals and their work organizations. Palgrave Macmillan (2013), Glossary [online] Available at: http://www.palgrave.com/business/brattonandgold/glossary/glossary.htm [Accessed 17th September 2013]. Factors that impact on this relationship both have a detrimental effect to the running of a business. I will focus on two internal and two external. TheseRead MoreCIPD 3MER3901 Words   |  16 Pages West Cheshire College C.I.P.D. Certificate in Human Resource Practice Unit: 3MER (HR) Tutor: Sean Banning Student Name: Sian Maudsley Date Submitted: 4th June 2014 I hereby confirm that the work submitted is my own work and that all source materials have been acknowledged. Signature Date 04/06/2014 3MER Describe 4 factors, 2 external, which impact on the employment relationship. A number of factors impact on the relationship between employees and employers. BelowRead More3mer Guidance Leaflet4527 Words   |  19 PagesChartered Institute of Personnel and Development 3MER Supporting Good Practice in Managing Employment Relations Assignment and Content Activity Investigate resources and write a guidance leaflet which covers key points of the areas detailed below. The impact of employment law at the start of the employment relationship including: * 2 Internal and 2 external factors which can impact on the employment relationship * 3 different types of employment status and 3 reasons why it is importantRead More3mer Assignment3056 Words   |  13 Pages1.1 Describe the internal and external factors that impact on the employment relationship When an employee starts a new company, there are several external and internal factors that impact on the employment relationship. Relationships affect both management and worker’s performance. The quality of these relationships have an effect on the organisation. Human Resources, focuses on recruiting new employees and managing existing workers, plays a significant role in employment relationships as doRead MoreEssay on Cipd 3mer3076 Words   |  13 Pages| | HUMAN RESOURCESSupporting Good PracticeIn Managing Employment Relations2015 | | Tracy King 3MER Table of Contents Internal Factors Which Impact On Employment Relationships | 4 | Pay and Reward | 4 | Organisational Culture | 4 | External Factors Which Impact On Employment Relationships | 4 | Economy | 4 | Technological Changes | 4 | Reasons to Determine an Individual’s Employment Status | 5 | Examples of Employment Status | 5 | Worker | 5 | Fixed term | 5 | SelfRead MoreTemplate for 3mer Guidance Leaflet3351 Words   |  14 PagesA guidance leaflet to show the main individual rights and needs an employee has during employment, in order to assist in creating a good working relationship and upon termination of the employment, a look at issues to address. The impact of employment law at the start of the employment relationship The internal and external factors that impact on the employment relationship are as follows: Internal 1. Collective Agreement. Collective agreements are negotiated between an employer andRead More3MER Supporting Good Practice In Managing Employment Relations1199 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿ Task 1 You work in a call centre which has recently experienced a downturn in the amount of business that it has. It has been decided, therefore, to make 5 of the 20 Call Centre Operators redundant. Write a letter to the Operations Manager explaining: 1. The main legal requirements that need to be considered, including Codes of Practice, explain the impact that these have on the organisation. 2. How to ensure that the dismissals are fair and the importance of this to both the employer and employee

The Purpose Of This Qualitative Study Is To Identify The

The purpose of this qualitative study is to identify the social and academic factors that assist African American males in their persistence at a PWI which allowed them to be successful or may have hindered them. By using a qualitative approach, the researcher will be able to gather data that will reflect the unique experiences of the participants. Even though African American males attending colleges have increased, there narratives and experiences may be different than others. Qualitative methods can be used to understand any phenomenon about which little is known (Hoepfl, 1997). A qualitative approach will allow allow their individual voices to be heard through narrations. The methodology in this study discusses the research†¦show more content†¦Research Design The qualitative research paradigm has its roots in cultural anthropology and American sociology (Crenshaw, 2014). The intent of the research is to understand a particular social situation, event, role, group , or interaction (Crenshaw, 2014). One of the assumptions that is made related to qualitative research is that the research occurs in natural settings, where human behavior and events occur (Crenshaw, 2014). The focus of the research will also document the participants’ perceptions and their experiences (Crenshaw, 2014). In conducting the study, a qualitative research method will be used to gather data addressing African American male factors inhibiting their persistence to graduate. IRB approval will occur before any surveys or interviews will be conducted, and participants will sign off on informed consent to ensure that participants are aware of what the purpose of the research and their input will provide. The targeted population is at least ten (10) African American males who attended Morehead State University between the years of 2009 and 2015. The researcher used criterion-based sampling strategy to select the students who would be participants of the study. Participants completed at least one full year at Morehead State University. Participants were African American male college students who have graduated from the institution between 2009 and 2015. The researcher worked with MSU alumni to obtain the contactShow MoreRelatedThe Basics Behind Qualitative Research1270 Words   |  6 PagesFundamentals of Qualitative Research Jamye D. Jeter Cameron Submitted to Dr. Curtis Maybee University of Phoenix Fundamentals of Qualitative Research When a researcher sets out to begin a study, he or she must begin by asking questions of him or herself. These questions lead to the determination of the type of research study the researcher is going to conduct. The study may be based on qualitative research, quantitative research, or both. But, in order to determine the study method and designRead MorePurposes For Conducting Qualitative Research756 Words   |  4 PagesPurposes for Conducting Qualitative Research There are four major purposes for conducting qualitative research. They are exploratory, explanatory, descriptive and emancipatory. The purpose of exploratory qualitative research is to investigate little understood phenomenon, to identify or discover important categories of meaning and to generate hypotheses for future research. The purpose of explanatory qualitative research is to explain patterns related to the phenomenon being studied and to identifyRead MoreResearch Questions On Research And Research Essay918 Words   |  4 Pagesresearch. 1. Identify the Research Problem – Specify a problem; justify a problem and suggest a need to study the problem for audiences (Creswell). 2. Review the literature- Locate resources, i.e.; books, journals, electronic resources; select resources-determine the relevant resources for the topic; organize; Summarize the resources in a literature review (Creswell). 3. Specify a Research Purpose – Identify the purpose statement-the major intent of the study, the participants in the study, and the siteRead MoreGroup Research Study1306 Words   |  6 PagesAim of study The primary aim of this study is to explore the extent to which female-to-male (FTM) transgender individuals experience less discrimination in the workplace than male-to-female (MTF) transgender individuals. The secondary aim of this study is to get an understanding as to why the differences in treatment of female-to-male (FTM) transgender individuals in comparison to male-to-female transgender individuals (MTF) occur, so that further research may be done to minimize the discriminationRead MoreQualitative Research Report907 Words   |  4 PagesQualitative Research Report Article Connelly, L.M., Miner-Williams, D., Yoder, L.H., 2003. A qualitative study of charge nurse competencies. Medsurg Nursing, 12(5), 298-306. Problem The study was conducted to determine the competencies necessary to be a successful charge nurse (Connelly, Miner-Williams, Yoder, 2003). There has been limited research conducted to provide information concerning the clinical role of the charge nurse. This study identifies the competencies necessary to be anRead MoreMindfulness Based Stress Reduction Creates Happiness Essay1644 Words   |  7 PagesTherapy, this form of treatment, â€Å"stems from Buddhist meditation practices and is defined as paying attention to the present moment, non-judgmentally, and being open and accepting to all experiences† (De Raedt, et al., p. 612-613). In order to decipher if this form of treatment is effective at reducing relapses of depressive symptoms, one could hypothesize that mindfulness-based stress reduction creates happiness in people suffering from major depressive disorder. Therefore, for the purposes of thisRead MoreEssay on Research Critique Part 1659 Words   |  3 PagesMary OCon nell September 5, 2013 Research Critique Part 1 This paper will critique a qualitative research study published in the Journal of Medical Ethics in 2004, By Dr Helen Aveyard, about how nurses manage patients who refuse nursing care procedures. The article explains how nurses view informed consent as not being essential to nursing care procedures. Problem Statement The clinical problem being examined in the research study is the way in which nurses obtain consent prior to administeringRead MoreComparing and Contrasting NCUs Concept Paper Requirements for Qualitative and or Quantitative Papers1409 Words   |  6 Pagesdissertation. Part of the dissertation process is to inquire and solve a hypothesis using some form of research method. This paper compares and contrasts NCU’s concept paper requirements for qualitative and or quantitative papers. Northcentral Expectation Both qualitative and quantitative concept designs share design elements. Sampson (2012) states that a good or enriched qualitative and or quantitative concept paper is a product of forethought. Northcentral University (NCU) provides its Doctoral studentsRead MoreResearch Critique Part 1736 Words   |  3 PagesMary OConnell September 5, 2013 Research Critique Part 1 This paper will critique a qualitative research study published in the Journal of Medical Ethics in 2004, By Dr Helen Aveyard, about how nurses manage patients who refuse nursing care procedures. The article explains how nurses view informed consent as not being essential to nursing care procedures. Problem Statement The clinical problem being examined in the research study is the way in which nurses obtain consent prior to administeringRead MoreEvaluation Of A Student s Phonic Skills Essay1130 Words   |  5 Pagesreader (BR) reading level, and a below grade level for mathematics according to his student progress report. Word Study Letter Name Assessment Description of Assessment The purpose of this assessment is to evaluate a student’s phonic skills, specifically in the letter name stage of phonics. The assessment allows the teacher to evaluate the phonic skills of the student in order to identify which features the student knows and which features the student needs to work on. The assessment evaluates the

HRM Strategic Integration and Organizational Performance

Question: Discuss about the HRM Strategic Integration and Organizational Performance. Answer: Introduction The HR service delivery report is an overall summery of the competency or the level of competency of the HR department of the JKL. The performance of the HR department of the JKL is competent but could do with a lot of improvement. The level of competency is good but it is not adequate for a firm of that size. The resources of the firms HR department are quite low and the processes are completed eventually but often take longer than necessary (Jackson, 2002). This aspect of the service delivery can be improved in the future by changing the funding policies and personnel recruitment. Analysis of performance data The HR people in the company are competent to some degree as60% of the managers o the company agrees that the performance of the firm is directly improved by the assistance of the HR department. But regarding the budget of the firm the HR department is being overshooting the estimates the performance is not increasing by that level. The job satisfaction rate is at 70% which is quite high and the role of the HR department in the performance is evident from the4 statements of the mangers. The departments adherence to values is high but the implementation is stunted because of understaffing and under resourced department funds. The values that are adhered to are important for the staff satisfaction and performance as the timely solution o the HR issues are focused upon and constant attention of the department and prompt allocation of duty in the different cases usually result in solutions that are timely and appropriate. The code of conduct the HR department follows is staff friendly and helpful where the staffs are assured about the timely solution to their problem. The code that is followed by the department is to be courteous and helpful to all employees who come to the department seeking help. The code also stipulates that all staff must ensure that the person needing help can find it by the assistance of other employees. The organizational policy of the company allows the department some freedom as the department often has to interact with employees from different departments of the organization and the staffs from all departments come to seek help with their HR related issues and investigation has to be conducted for the mitigation of the problem. Therefore the organizational control of the company over the HR department is quite lax in the sense the other departments are controlled separately by the managers. Proposed recommendations for service improvement The financial resources of the company are not being spent in a proper way to staff and supply the department of human resources. Therefore, better management of the resources is necessary for the department to make it more efficient in the operations Recruitment policy (1989 SHRM training/retraining survey, 1989). Responsiveness of the department is quite fast for the limited resources of the department but there could be improvements made in the sector as the staffs are juggling many responsibilities so there would be a slight delay in the allocation of the duty and thus in the implementation of the solution (The SHRM learning system, 2009). Communications of the department need to be more visible and transparent where the concerns of the staffs need to be considered before the notices of means to approach the HR are made clear. This will facilitate better contact with the employees and thus the effectiveness of the HR department will increase (McGovern, 2002). Follow up and support is also an area where the department can do better with more staff. The follow up of the current department is nonexistent it is often seen that issues are arising after the solutions to the problems has been implemented. This will improve the performance level of the department as the assurance of success will be embedded in the promise of follow up queries made by the department (Chanda Shen, 2009). Conclusion To conclude we can say that this report outlines the weakness of the HR department of the organization and the solutions to make the department more effective. This HR service delivery report is the basis of the new service delivery improvement of the service of the HR department of JKL. Action plan Activity Timeline Strategy/application of policy (if relevant) Resources Person Policy Management of financial resources Six months Appointment of manager of financial resources for the department. Financial resource and permission for the appointment of a manager HR financial manager Recruitment policy Responsiveness Six months Recruitment of more staff which will lighten the workload on individuals allowing for free time to make the responses faster. More staff and the allocation of budget to pay them. Executives Recruitment policy communication Six months Make new policy regarding disclosure and communication within the department and from the staff seeking help. Only spreading of knowledge regarding the operations is necessary which can be achieved with the help and cooperation from workforce All people of the HR department Communication policy. Follow up and support Six months Recruitment of more staff which will lighten the workload on individuals allowing for free employees to increase follow up support. The funding to pay for the extra staff. HR manager Recruitment policy References 1989 SHRM training/retraining survey. (1989). Alexandria, Va. Bernard, R. (2002). HR. Leicestershire: Upfront. Chanda, A. Shen, J. (2009). HRM strategic integration and organizational performance. Los Angeles: Response Books. DENISI, A. (2010). HR. [S.l.]: CENGAGE LEARNING. Jackson, T. (2002). International HRM. London: SAGE. McGovern, P. (2002). HRM, technical workers and the multinational corporation. London: Routledge. Neil, G. (2012). HR. Reno, NV: Priorities Intact Pub. The SHRM learning system. (2009). [Alexandraia, Va.].

Utilizing Pumpkins as a “Reverse” Trap Crop Essay Example

Utilizing Pumpkins as a â€Å"Reverse† Trap Crop Essay In the world of agriculture, trap crops are normally used to lure pests away from a commercial crop by presenting the pest with a more attractive alternative. But when conducting research to develop new seed traits that provide better yield, drought resistance, or even insect resistance, trap crops can be used to test the performance of a new trait.The western corn rootworm beetle (Diabrotica virgifera virgifera) causes billions of dollars in damage to corn crops throughout the United States each year. Recent seed research has helped develop new corn varieties to combat this problem. These new varieties of corn have a protein (Bt protein) that causes stomach distress in adult western corn rootworm beetles that result in death. Thus, the pest resistance is literally bred into the seed, eliminating the need for harmful pesticides. This type of corn is considered to be rootworm resistant.Normally, in order to be able to â€Å"test† the performance of a specific rootworm resistant corn variety, a test plot has to be infested with western corn rootworm eggs manually. This tends to be costly and very labor intensive. The infested eggs then develop into larva, which feed on underground roots. Adult rootworms feed on the above ground tissue of the corn plant. Both the roots and the above ground tissue contain the Bt protein. The corn plant is then â€Å"harvested† prior to the pollination period in a process called a â€Å"root dig†.During a ‘root dig† the corn plant is cut off at approximately two feet above the ground, the roots are dug up and rinsed with a high power stream of water to expose the roots which are then rated for damage by the corn rootworm larva. Based on the data collected during the â€Å"root dig†, researchers are able to evaluate the effectiveness of the resistance that is bred into that variety of corn. Root dig washing process is shown in picture on the left. Diagram of corn root damage by corn rootworm be etles is shown in picture on the right.HYPOTHESIS: What if one could utilize a â€Å"trap crop† to entice the adult western corn rootworm beetle to a test plot, allowing the adults to feed and eventually lay their eggs? I predict that by adding pumpkins (independent variable) as a trap crop in rootworm resistant corn will allow for a greater number of eggs (dependent variable) to be deposited in the test plot naturally versus the rootworm resistant corn without the trap crop, therefore eliminating the need for manual infestation.To test this hypothesis, we selected pumpkins to plant as a trap crop in a one acre square plot containing rootworm resistant corn. This would be the independent variable in this experiment. It is known that the adult western corn rootworm beetle is highly attracted to pumpkin vines and flowers. A second test plot of the same size (same farm) would be planted with the same variety of rootworm resistant corn without the pumpkin crop. The dependent vari able would be the egg counts in both test plots. The control in this experiment would be utilizing acreage on the same farm.Special steps were taken to replicate the exact soil conditions by a pre-planting soil analysis; utilizing the same â€Å"batch† of chemical in herbicide spray applications, and the close proximity to each other to control factors such as precipitation, number of days with full sunshine, humidity, etc. This will aid in controlling the experiment’s internal validity and act as a guide in any subsequent replications of this experiment. Adult western corn rootworm beetles are shown on a pumpkin flower in the picture on the left.Damage by rootworm beetles on a mature pumpkin shown in picture on the right. Pumpkins were planted in the test plot # 2 in the spring of 2012 and were allowed to mature naturally. During flowering, a sizable increase in the adult rootworm beetle was observed in test plot #2. Based on the observable increase in adults, we pred icted that there will also be an increase in the number of eggs in said test plot when compared to the number of eggs in the test plot without trap crop (pumpkins). Soil samples will then be collected and analyzed for egg counts.If it is proven that planting a trap crop increases egg counts naturally, there could be a considerable cost savings in the process of evaluating the effectiveness of desirable traits in corn. This experiment was conducted at an agricultural Ramp;D site in northwestern Indiana during the summer of 2012 in preparation for this task. Egg count data has been received and is currently being evaluated in preparation for the 2013 planting season. In preparation for this experiment, several independent scientific papers were reviewed. Sorghum as a Trap Crop for Nezara viridula L. (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) in Cotton in the Southern United States†, P. G. Tillman (1); â€Å"Case Study: Trap Crop with Pheromone Traps for Suppressing Euschistus servus (Heteropt era: Pentatomidae) in Cotton†, P. G. Tillman and T. E. Cottrell (2) and â€Å"Trap Cropping to Manage Green Vegetable Bug Zezara viridula (L. ) (Hereroptera: Pentatomidae) in Sweet Corn in New Zealand†, James H. Rea, Stephen D. Warren, Richard Sedcole, Peter J. Cameron, Stuart I. Davis, R. Bruce Chapman (3) were considered for background information.These studies were helpful in explaining the commercial use of trap crops as an effective method of removing pests from cash crops and served as a basis for our unique application of a â€Å"reverse† trap crop in testing the effectiveness of ongoing corn research. Testing methods were similar but our research did not include any type of Pheromone study. Our experiment was based on the premise that by planting pumpkins in the test plot (known to attract western corn rootworm beetle), we could naturally increase the numbers of western corn rootworm beetle eggs in that plot.An increase in the number of naturally occurrin g eggs could result in a significant reduction in our annual research expenses. - KEY WORDS:western corn rootworm beetle (Diabrotica virgifera virgifera), trap crop, rootworm resistant corn. - METHODS and MATERIALS: This experiment was conducted at a seed research and development facility in northwestern Indiana during the 2012 growing season in preparation for RINT Task 3.This method of scientific design was chosen because it is a replication of a similar experiment conducted at a research and development facility in Iowa and has shown viable results. It was designed to compare the viability of planting a trap crop to attract the western corn rootworm beetle to evaluate the performance of corn containing rootworm resistant traits from different areas of the Midwest. The acreage, chemicals, sampling tools and laboratory facilities were readily available. In addition, if the hypothesis can be proven to be true, there is a potential for cost savings in other areas of our research.Inse ct Species: Western corn rootworm beetle (Diabrotica virgifera virgifera). Corn rootworm larvae can destroy significant percentages of corn if left untreated. In the United States, current estimates show that 30 million acres (120,000  km? ) of corn (out of 80 million grown) are infested with corn rootworms and that area is expected to grow over the next 20 years. The USDA estimates that corn rootworms cause $1 billion in lost revenue each year, which includes $800 million in yield loss and $200 million in cost of treatment for corn growers (The Dow Chemical Company). (4)Shown above from left to right, corn plant damage in the field and examples of actual root damage done by western corn rootworm beetles in the center and right picture. Healthy roots are shown as a full root system; damaged roots are short to nonexistent. Sampling Technique: Using a golf course cup cutter, take 4† diameter x 4† deep soil core samples. Collect ten (10) core samples per acre (trial area) . Core samples should be taken at various locations within the test plot. Include samples taken from within the corn rows and between rows. Place core samples in individual gallon bags.Be sure to break up any large clumps and remove stalks and other residue. Making the soil as fine as possible will aid in the washing process. Send individual samples to a laboratory with capabilities to wash eggs and provide egg counts. Taking multiple core samples at various locations throughout the test plot and then analyzing all ten (10) samples separately allows for a broader analysis of the entire test plot. The measuring unit of one (1) pint that was chosen for the final sample allows the lab sufficient soil to run the required tests.Once the samples arrive at the laboratory, each individual sample is mixed with a saturated salt solution. A sample of this mixture is then placed on a special microscope slide (Whitlock Universal or Whitlock McMaster). The saturated salt solution makes the rootwo rm eggs float to the top of the mixture in the slide where they are then counted. Data was collected from each individual sample to obtain egg counts for each test plot. EXPERIMENT: Two, one (1) acre test plots were selected at opposite ends of a ten (10) acre field. Soil type, topography, and precipitation were identical.Each plot was measured at 200 ft. wide by 220’ deep and marked off with flags. This is approximately one (1) square acre. Both fallow (empty ground) test plots were plowed utilzing a chisel plow set at a depth of six (6) inches to turn the soil over and prepare the soil for planting. Both test plots were then planted using a four (4) row custom bulk planter and a rootworm resistant variety of corn. The corn rows were spaced 30† apart. The corn seed within the rows was spaced 6† inches apart. Each test plot had a total of 80 rows of corn. Both test plots were also treated with Glyphosate in a concentration of 1. quarts to 15 gallons of water to ki ll any existing weeds. This amount of Glyphosate solution was enough to cover one (1) test plot. It was replicated twice to cover both test plots in the experiment. Once the rootworm resistant corn had been planted in both test plots, a trap crop of pumpkins was also planted throughout the test plot #2 (independent variable), utilizing a custom two (2) row planter. Pumpkin seeds were planted in between the rows of corn, spaced five (5’) feet apart. A cable winder was used to mark off the five (5’) foot increments needed to plant the pumpkins.A cable winder is used with a custom planter and calibrated to â€Å"click† when it is time to manually drop the seed. Both plots were allowed to grow throughout the summer. Visual observations were made in each plot, on the first Monday of each week between July 1st and September 1st to obtain adult rootworm beetle population counts. Ten observations in multiple locations across the test plots were taken each time. Random p umpkin plants were selected to count the total number of adult rootworm beetles in each observation. After harvest, prior to the first hard frost, soil core samples were taken, following the above mentioned sampling procedure.Core samples were then sent to an outside laboratory for analysis. - RESULTS: An increase in adult rootworm beetles was observed in test plot #2 (with pumpkins) when compared to test plot #1 (without pumpkins) but without soil egg count analysis, this data in inconclusive. Solid data is available once soil samples are analyzed for egg counts (dependent variable). Historically more than ten (10) eggs in a pint sample of soil are considered to be a high amount. In 2012, test plot #1 and #2 both showed an average of approximately two (2) eggs per pint sample.Samples taken at four different test sites in Iowa yielded six (6), zero (0), one (1) and four (4) eggs respectively or an average of 2. 75 eggs per pint sample. All data collected is reflecting little to no m easurable increase in the total number of western corn rootworm eggs that are occurring naturally when using a trap crop. Egg Count Core Sample Data for Test Plot #1 and Test Plot #2 Test Plot #1|   |   | Test Plot #2|   | |   |   |   |   | Core Sample #| Egg Count #|   | Core Sample #| Egg Count #| 1| 0|   | 1| 0| 2| 1|   | 2| 3| 3| 0|   | 3| 2| 4| 1|   | 4| 2| 5| 4|   | 5| 3| 6| 3|   | 6| 2| | 2|   | 7| 1| 8| 2|   | 8| 0| 9| 1|   | 9| 2| 10| 0|   | 10| 2| Ave # of Eggs| 1. 4|   | Ave # of Eggs| 1. 7| Egg Counts in Test Plot #1 Compared to Test Plot #2 Number of Eggs/Pint Sample Number of Samples/ One (1) Acre Test Plot - CONCLUSION: Based on the data that was collected, there did not seem to be a significant increase in the number of western corn rootworm eggs occurring naturally in test plot #2 when compared to test plot #1, even though there was an observable increase in adult western corn rootworm beetles in test plot #2.Where test plot #2 contained the trap crop (independent variable) and test plot #1 that did not contain a trap crop (dependant variable) in a single ten (10) acre test strip (constant variable). After carefully analyzing the data that was collected during this experiment, I have concluded that the introduction of a trap crop (pumpkins) to attract adult western rootworm beetles in rootworm resistant corn does not significantly increase naturally occurring corn rootworm beetle eggs. This data disproves my hypothesis that it would significantly increase the number of naturally occurring eggs.No cost savings can be associated with this experiment and conventional infestation methods are just as effective as this experimental method. DESIGN AND REPLICATION: The experimental design to test this hypothesis was constructed with ease of replication in mind. It utilizes simple techniques and materials that are readily available at most seed research and development sites. If the design is poor or if proper samp ling procedures are not followed then data in the experiment can be skewed, resulting in unreliable data.Based on potential cost savings in research, unreliable data can be an expensive mistake. In addition, if the design is well done, an increase of reliable data is shown time and time again with the same results. Replication is so important because it gives validity to the experiment’s results. As the same data shows the same results and the same conclusions over multiple replications, that data can become accepted as scientific fact. REFERENCES: (1) http://www. ars. usda. gov/sp2UserFiles/person/5648/PDF/ARIS 8-Sorghum as a Trap Crop for SGSB. d Tillman, P. G. 2006. Sorghum as a trap crop for Nezara viridula L. (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) in cotton in the southern United States. Environmental Entomology. 35(3):771-783. (2) http://www. hindawi. com/journals/psyche/aip/401703 Tillman, P. G. , Cottrell, T. E. 2012. Case Study: Trap crop with pheromone traps for suppressing eu schistus servus (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) in cotton. Psyche. DOI: 10. 1155/2012/401703. (3) http://onlinelibrary. wiley. com/doi/10. 1046/j. 1461-9563. 2002. 00130. x/full Rea, J.H. , Wratten, S. D. , Sedcole, R. , Cameron, P. J. , Davis, S. I. and Chapman, R. B. (2002), Trap cropping to manage green vegetable bug Nezara virdula (L. ) (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) in sweet corn in New Zealand. Agricultural and Forest Entomology, 4: 101-107. doi: 10. 1046/j. 1461 (4) http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Diabrotica_virgifera; The Dow Chemical Company. Product Safety Assessment (PSA): Herculex RW Rootworm Protection. September 26, 2006. URL: http://www. dow. com/productsafety/finder/herculex. htm.

Cadbury Swot Analysis Essays

Cadbury Swot Analysis Essays Cadbury Swot Analysis Paper Cadbury Swot Analysis Paper SWOT Analysis Strengths The Company’s Long History. Cadbury Schweppes is one of the biggest beverage and confectionery companies in the world. With a history stretching back over 200 years, today their products are enjoyed in almost every country around the world. Cadbury Schweppes plc was formed by our merger of these two great British household names in 1969. Since then they have expanded the business throughout the world by a program of organic and acquisition led growth. It was in 1783 that Jacob Schweppe perfected his process for manufacturing carbonated mineral water in Geneva, Switzerland. John Cadbury opened in Birmingham in the UK in 1824. Originally selling tea and coffee, it was, however, his marginal lines of cocoa and chocolate that, in just a few years, took over as the mainstay of the business and started the Cadbury success story. Cadbury Schweppes took the strategic decision in the mid 1980s to concentrate on our core international brands of beverages and confectionery and exit the general foods and hygiene sector with the sale of non-core brands such as Typhoo Tea, Kenco Coffee and Jeyes. Since then, we have strengthened our portfolio of key brands through the purchase of Motts (1982), Canada Dry (1986), Trebor (1989), Bassett (1989), Dr Pepper and 7 UP (1995) and Hawaiian Punch (1999). The new millennium has seen us continue to make acquisitions concentrating our interests in North America, Europe and the Asian Pacific regions. Snapple and Hollywood were acquired in 2000, and in 2001 we became number two in the soft drinks market in France with the acquisition of Orangina. In 2002 Cadbury Schweppes catapulted to joint number one position worldwide in confectionery and number two worldwide in chewing gum, first by buying Dandy, the Danish chewing gum company and, at the end of the year, announcing our proposed $4. 2 billion acquisition of Adams. The American Customer Satisfaction Index report rates Cadbury Schweppes as number 1 on the beverages market. Cadbury Schweppes plc Base- line 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 Previous Year % Change First Year % Change Cadbury Schweppes plc NM N/A 85 86 83 88 85 86 85 86 89 84 83 86 86 0. 0 1. 2 Soft Drinks 6 N/A 86 86 83 83 84 86 82 85 84 83 83 84 84 0. 0 -2. 3 Coca -Cola Company, The 85 N/A 85 87 84 82 84 86 81 85 83 83 84 82 84 2. 4 -1. 2 PepsiCo, Inc. 86 N/A 87 86 83 83 82 85 84 86 83 83 82 86 84 -2. 3 -2. 3 All Others NM N/A NM NM NM NM NM NM NM NM NM NM NM 83 83 0. 0 0. 0 Cadbury Schweppes has been number one on the American Customer Satisfaction Index for two years in a row now, even though they a re competing with world giants in the beverage industry, Coca-Cola and Pepsi. This yet again presents their excellence in the beverage industry from a different angle and from a different source. Acquisition of Dr. Pepper/ Seven Up Bottling group and distribution channels. On May 2, 2006, Cadbury Schweppes completed the acquisition of The Carlyle Groups 53% stake in Dr Pepper/Seven Up Bottling Group forming the Cadbury Schweppes Bottling Group. The Cadbury Schweppes Bottling Group (formerly Dr Pepper/Seven Up Bottling Group, Inc. ) is the largest independent manufacturer, marketer and distributor of well-known and widely-consumed carbonated and non-carbonated soft drinks in the United States. They service more than one-third of the U. S. population with operations in 25 states. They operate ten manufacturing plants, over 100 distribution centers and employ over 9,000 employees. The Company’s portfolio of carbonated soft drinks (CSD) and alternative beverages consist of highly recognizable national brands that are in many cases the first or second ranking brand in their flavor or product category. Dr Pepper, Seven Up, AW, Sunkist, Canada Dry, Schweppes and Squirt are a few of the leading CSD brands. The leading alternative beverages manufactured and/or distributed by the Company are: Snapple, Fiji, Arizona, Clearly Canadian, Glaceau and Deja Blue water. Also, the acquisition of SeaBevs, and independent bottler, strengthened the Company’s route to markets in the South-East of the US. The Company’s strong and highly valued organization culture. Cadbury Schweppes’ success relies on their people. The Company has a strong heritage in the way it respects its people and its social responsibilities. Some key facts and figures: ?They employ over 50,000 people in over 60 countries. ?Currently women constitute 33% of the global workforce, 33% of out managers and 13% of our executive management team. Global staff turn-over is generally low, between 2% and 5% per year. Their people practices are guided by our key values, which are to be open and honest, to act with complete integrity and to provide quality in products and services. We value diversity and value employees from varied backgrounds as they enrich our culture and support our commercial success. Our diversity practice helps us to attract the best people to Cadbury Schweppes and allows us to reflect the diversity of the world around us better our consumer base and the communities in which we operate. We aim to reflect diversity in both our workforce and in our leadership teams. Through a culture of inclusiveness, we also aim to inspire the best in our people, earn their trust, increase their engagement and promote pride in our company. Responsible business is underpinned by strong values and has a clear and compelling vision of where it is going. Over many years Cadbury Schweppes has earned success on the strength of its distinctive values and clear vision. This update sets out the steps we are taking to ensure that in our present and future business, as in the past, we continue to live our values. Ultimately the Company’s goals and those of their shareowners are similar; a responsible and well-run company that delivers consistently superior profits over the long-term. Performance driven, values led. Good business and strong values go hand in hand. For our long term future, and that of all our stakeholders, it is in our mutual interests that we create a world in which our business will grow and thrive. A wide portfolio of products and emphasis on innovation and creativity. Cadbury Schweppes brands become old friends with whom our consumers have special relationships. This makes the protection of their reputation an essential ingredient of our-long term success. Cadbury Schweppes is also constantly seeking new and innovative ways to satisfy the consumers willingness to try new things. Whenever they develop a new product they have to build consumer awareness through advertising and promotion. Consumers want to be informed, whether to be reminded of their feelings about established favorites or to be told of new delights available for their enjoyment. Their products fulfill a broad range of needs. They offer energy, taste, rewards and gift opportunities. Cadbury Schweppes caters for these fundamental needs in a range of products which offer a huge variety of ingredients and styles. Variety is important. In this business freedom of choice means not only the freedom to seek new combinations of old favorites, but also new experiences. With choice, comes access to our products. Cadbury Schweppes makes sure their products are as widely available as possible, to ensure that they are always within an arms reach whether as an impulse or a considered buy. To achieve this, they work with our customers in many different trade channels. How well they achieve the above determines how successful they will become in the market. Exiting markets and products where profitability is low. Cadbury Schweppes over their long history has had the tendency to focus more on the most productive and most profitable products and leave behind the ones that did not fit well with the Company’s expectation. This has definitely served them well and has made them more consistent in the eyes of the customers as a Company that delivers only the best products. Even before the merger in 1969, John Cadbury’s business was tea, coffee, and cocoa, but it was the cocoa and chocolate that made him more successful and therefore that was the area that he focused and specialized in. Another example was in mid 1980s, the Company decided to exit the general foods and hygiene sector with the sale of non-core brands such as Typhoo Tea, Kenco Coffee and Jeyes. They diverted the attention in the direction of purchasing and developing more successful brands such as: Motts, Canada Dry, Dr Pepper, 7-UP, etc. Efficient supply management of raw materials. Cadbury Schweppes uses a wide range of raw materials in manufacturing our products, the main ones being cocoa beans, sugar and other sweeteners (including polyols and artificial sweeteners such as aspartame), dairy products (including milk), gum base and fruit and nuts. They buy the raw materials from about 40,000 suppliers around the world. No single supplier accounts for more than 10% of the raw material purchases. The quality of these materials underpins the quality of the Cadbury products and they work with suppliers to maintain this. Ingredients suppliers are asked to meet the Cadbury standards and achieve independent external accreditation. In addition Cadbury Schweppes considers the standards within our supply chain in terms of ethical trade (labor standards), sustainable agriculture and environmental management. They seek to minimize the impact of price fluctuations and ensure security of supply by entering into forward agreements and long-term contracts wherever available. In the case of cocoa, one of their main agricultural ingredients, they import cocoa beans from West Africa, primarily Ghana, and the Americas. West Africa accounts for over 60% of world production. The Company buys cocoa beans and cocoa butter from a range of suppliers, and try to minimize the effect of cocoa price movements and secure our future requirements by entering into forward and future contracts. They have developed the Cadbury Cocoa Partnership to support and develop the livelihoods of farmers who provide our cocoa beans, helping to support them and the Company’s supply chain for the future. They are also developing sustainable agriculture strategies for other crops that are key to their ingredients supply such as sugar. Strong Financial backbone. Financial Highlights of 2007: ?Americas Beverage revenue grew 4% which is a really good performance in these challenging markets. ?Snapple Revenue grew 5% due to innovation. ?Underlying beverage margins impacted by the bottler acquisition and the launch costs of Accelerade sports drink. ?2007 overall revenue was ? 7,971 million, 7% increase from the precious year. ?Free Cash Flow was ? 527 million, compared to ? 472 in 2006.

Margaret Fuller, Writer, Editor, and Early Feminist

Margaret Fuller, Writer, Editor, and Early Feminist The American author, editor, and reformer Margaret Fuller holds a uniquely important place in 19th century history. Often remembered as a colleague and confidante of Ralph Waldo Emerson and others of the New England Transcendentalist movement, Fuller was also a feminist at a time when the role of women in society was severely limited. Fuller published several books, edited a magazine, and was a correspondent for the New York Tribune before dying tragically at the age of 40. Early Life of Margaret Fuller Margaret Fuller was born in Cambridgeport, Massachusetts, on May 23, 1810. Her full name was Sarah Margaret Fuller, but in her professional life she dropped her first name. Fuller’s father, a lawyer who eventually served in Congress, educated young Margaret, following a classical curriculum. At that time, such an education was generally only received by boys. As an adult, Margaret Fuller worked as a teacher, and felt the need to give public lectures. As there were local laws against women giving public addresses, she billed her lectures as â€Å"Conversations,† and in 1839, at the age of 29, began offering them at a bookshop in Boston. Margaret Fuller and the Transcendentalists Fuller became friendly with Ralph Waldo Emerson, the leading advocate of transcendentalism, and moved to Concord, Massachusetts and lived with Emerson and his family. While in Concord, Fuller also became friendly with Henry David Thoreau and Nathaniel Hawthorne. Scholars have noted that both Emerson and Hawthorne, though married men, had unrequited affections for Fuller, who was often described as being both brilliant and beautiful. For two years in the early 1840s Fuller was the editor of The Dial, the magazine of the transcendentalists. It was in the pages of The Dial that she published one of her significant early feminist works, â€Å"The Great Lawsuit: Man vs. Men, Woman vs. Women.† The title was a reference to individuals and society-imposed gender roles. She would later rework the essay and expand it into a book, Woman in the Nineteenth Century. Margaret Fuller and the New York Tribune In 1844 Fuller caught the attention of Horace Greeley, the editor of the New York Tribune, whose wife had attended some of Fuller’s â€Å"Conversations† in Boston years earlier. Greeley, impressed with Fuller’s writing talent and personality, offered her a job as a book reviewer and correspondent for his newspaper. Fuller was at first skeptical, as she held a low opinion of daily  journalism. But Greeley convinced her that he wanted his newspaper to be a mix of news for the common people as well as an outlet for intellectual writing. Fuller took the job in New York City, and lived with Greeley’s family in Manhattan. She worked for the Tribune from 1844 to 1846, often writing about reformist ideas such as improving conditions in prisons. In 1846 she was invited to join some friends on an extended trip to Europe. Fuller Reports from Europe She left New York, promising Greeley dispatches from London and elsewhere. While in Britain she conducted interviews with notable figures, including the writer Thomas Carlyle. In early 1847 Fuller and her friends traveled to Italy, and she settled in Rome. Ralph Waldo Emerson traveled to Britain in 1847, and sent a message to Fuller, asking her to return to America and live with him (and presumably his family) again at Concord. Fuller, enjoying the freedom she had found in Europe, declined the invitation. In the spring of 1847 Fuller had met a younger man, a 26-year-old Italian nobleman, the Marchese Giovanni Ossoli. They fell in love and Fuller became pregnant with their child. While still mailing dispatches off to Horace Greeley at the New York Tribune, she moved to the Italian countryside and delivered a baby boy in September 1848. Throughout 1848, Italy was in the throes of revolution, and Fuller’s news dispatches described the upheaval. She took pride in the fact that the revolutionaries in Italy drew inspiration from the American Revolution and what they regarded as the democratic ideals of the United States. Margaret Fullers Ill-Fated Return to America In 1849 the rebellion was suppressed, and Fuller, Ossoli, and their son left Rome for Florence. Fuller and Ossoli married and decided to relocate to the United States. In the late spring of 1850 the Ossoli family, not having the money to travel on a newer steamship, booked passage on a sailing ship bound for New York City. The ship, which was carrying a very heavy cargo of Italian marble in its hold, had hard luck from the outset of the voyage. The ships captain became ill, apparently with smallpox, died, and was buried at sea. The first mate took command of the ship, The Elizabeth, in mid-Atlantic, and managed to reach the east coast of America. However, the acting captain became disoriented in a heavy storm, and the ship ran aground on a sandbar off Long Island in the early morning hours of July 19, 1850. With its hold full of marble, the ship couldnt be freed. Though grounded within sight of the shoreline, enormous waves prevented those on board from reaching safety. Margaret Fuller’s baby son was given to a crew member, who tied him to his chest and tried to swim to shore. Both of them drowned. Fuller and her husband also drowned when the ship was eventually swamped by waves. Hearing the news in Concord, Ralph Waldo Emerson was devastated. He dispatched Henry David Thoreau to the shipwreck site on Long Island in hopes of retrieving Margaret Fuller’s body. Thoreau was deeply shaken by what he witnessed. Wreckage and bodies kept washing ashore, but the bodies of Fuller and her husband were never located. Legacy of Margaret Fuller In the years after her death, Greeley, Emerson, and others edited collections of Fullers writings. Literary scholars contend that Nathanial Hawthorne used her as a model for strong women in his writings. Had Fuller lived past the age of 40, there’s no telling what role she might have played during the critical decade of the 1850s. As it is, her writings and the conduct of her life served as an inspiration to later advocates for women’s rights.

Abuse of prescription of narcotics in primary care Dissertation

Abuse of prescription of narcotics in primary care - Dissertation Example Chronic non cancer pain in primary care and use of opioids (Nicholson & Pasik, 2007).  In the USA estimates suggest that 50 million people suffer from chronic non cancer pain, with 41% dissatisfied with the outcomes of their pain treatment. The frequent site at which these patients seek health care is from primary care. In the primary care environment prevalence of chronic non cancer pain ranges from 5% to 33% (Nicholson & Pasik, 2007).3) Extent of opioid misuse in primary care and causes (Von Korff et al, 2011).   True estimates of the extent to which prescription opioids are misused among primary care patients are not available, but the limited evidence from surveys conducted suggest that the prevalence of prescription opioid misuse in primary care could range from 4% to 26% (Von Korff et al, 2011)4) Primary care givers need to have adequate knowledge on preventing opioid misuse Salloum, 2010).   Though the true prevalence of prescription opioid misuse remains elusive the ind ications of high abuse of prescription opioids raises the relevance of prevention practices at the point of misuse (Ruiz & Strain, 2010).B.  Establish a working definition of prescription opioid abuse and identification of the characteristics of prescription opioid abuse    1)   According to Friedman et al p, 454, NUPM in a wide perspective may be taken to mean â€Å"the use of a scheduled prescription medication without the prescribing clinician’s knowledge† (Friedman et al, 2009).2) Characteristics of abuse of prescription narcotics (Liebschutz et al, 2010)... ry care patients diagnosed with chronic pain and prescribed opioids shows that the characteristics for PDUD in such patients include cigarette smoking, high severity of pain, personal and family history of substance abuse, post-traumatic stress disorder, and experience of a jail sentence (Liebschutz et al, 2010). 3) Caregiver knowledge and attitudes in the prescribing of narcotics for non cancer chronic pain (Srivatsava, 2007). Evidence coming from surveys conducted on care givers points to knowledge deficits in care givers and attitudinal issues acting as barriers to efficient management of pain. Quite often fear of addiction and misuse of prescribed narcotics is the basis of unsatisfactory management of pain (Srivatsava, 2007). 4) Patient perspective on prescribing of narcotics for non cancer chronic pain (Srivatsava, 2007). From the perspective of patients it is the care providers in the form of medical and nursing professionals that are knowledgeable on issues pertaining to emplo ying narcotics in the treatment of pain, and they expect that these professionals provide them with the appropriate information on narcotics in the treatment of non cancer chronic pain, to make it a useful part in their treatment (Srivatsava, 2007). II Theoretical Considerations (Not done as no guidelines received and not mandatory for the annotated outline) III Review of Literature A literature review matrix has been generated for effectively developing the literature review. 15 peer reviewed primary research articles relevant to the topic of the dissertation were selected. The inclusion criterion was that these articles were published on or later than 2006. The rationale behind such an inclusion criteria was to make the literature deliver the currently relevant body of knowledge on the

American Legal Regimes and Wealth Creation Term Paper - 1

American Legal Regimes and Wealth Creation - Term Paper Example Most historians described this as the conflict between labor and capital. The conflict that was filled with a lot of damage of properties escalated well into the 20th century and ended when the war started. By early 1900, the country was already filled up (Cohen 234). Major cities all over the state were packed with hundreds of thousands of poor American laborers who worked in deplorable conditions. Corruption during this period is considered the most escalating issues that brought all the problems that the country was facing. The progressive movement is considered to have been the solution to the problem that seemed to be driving the country way ward. It is hard to say that the movement fixed everything, however, remarkably little passed unchecked. The movement grew outside the government since none of the politicians was willing to support the economic and social change that the progressive movement brought. However, after pressure was applied b\y the movement the government finally decided to stand alongside the movement as it fought corruption out of the system. Most historians accredit the year 1896 as the period during which the progressive era began (Hayek 12). It is also viewed that most reforms that the movement had advocated for begun just before the country join t the war in 1917. However, even with is mind it is considered that most of the reforms begun way back during the colonial period although none of them had picked up until the modern era this being the 1900s. One cannot claim that all citizens and domestic workers have a fair playing field even now. It is also had to claim that the countries politics are free from corruption. Thus, it is considered that the movement that begun back in the late eighties lives on pushing for reforms and a corruption free political system (Cohen 234. During this era, which is most commonly

Regional and Transregional Interactions Essay Example for Free

Regional and Transregional Interactions Essay Answer: The social structures of the Hindu caste system, the Bantu peoples of Africa, and medieval Europe differed greatly. Some structures were given different names while others just consisted of different kinds of people. Each class also had different responsibilities to their community, specifically the lowest and highest class members. The Hindu caste system only had four major classes which they gave different names based on their creator-god’s body parts, the Bantu people only had one ruling class, and the medieval Europeans had three classes which they called estates. Each of the places had some version of Hindu caste systems but they were all called different names and consisted of different people. The highest caste of Hindu’s caste system was called the Brahmins; the Brahmins only consisted of priests and teachers. This caste system came about from the different body parts of their creator-god named Brahma. Unlike the Hindu people, the Bantu people’s class structure, specifically the highest class, were determined by the most prominent family in the community. The head of this well-known family was known as the chief of the community, though they worked alongside the ruling class. In Medieval Europe, their class identification system were named the estates. Medieval Europe’s highest estate was made up of the wealthy and noble people of Europe but sometimes higher ranking church members would have more power and influence over their  country than the people of the highest class. The next group of Hindu’s caste system was known as the Kshatriyas, who were the rulers and soldiers of India, and the Vaishyas, who were the merchants and traders. Medieval Europe’s second group wasn’t quite as large, the members of the group were called the clergy. This clergy included people in the army and some of them had higher ranks than those who lived in the lowest classes. Unlike the European system, Hindu caste members could move up a higher class and be reborn wealthy if they acted well in their current life. The church members of the community didn’t have a special class where they were classified in. They hovered in the middle of lower class priests but still held authority over farmers and high-ranking authorities. The legislatures of Europe, or parliaments, were the lower’s class members’ connection to the heads of state. The third and final caste of Hindu’s social structure was known as the shudras, otherwise known as the society’s laborers. Hindu’s lowest possible caste, which actually weren’t even considered a caste, were known as the untouchables and were considered impure. They were shunned, insulted, and banned from worship services, and kept away from the higher class members. The untouchables’ jobs were to do tasks no one else wanted to do, such as butchering meat or taking care of the dead. Europe’s last estate was not split up into two like Hindu’s caste system but the lower class did do things for the higher class members, just as the untouchables did. The members of the estate consisted of mostly farmers and these farmers had to till the land and grow food for themselves as well as the people of higher classes. The Hindu caste system had five different groups, the Brahmins, the Kshatriyas, the Vaishyas, and the Shudras. The Brahmins were the highest class, the Kshatriyas and the Vaishyas were the second, and the Shudras were the third and final official class. The Bantu peoples’ ruling class consisted of the male heads of the families in the communities. European’s highest class consists of the nobles, the second estate were the clergy, and the third, as well as largest, estate were people who tilled the land and  grew crops. Each system had a higher class that controlled the people of their communities but only two of the systems had a second and third class. Though they have these similarities, as you can see, some have different class names and each class consists of different kinds of people that take on different jobs.

Raising the Bar †Los Angeles Kings :: Critical Evaluation Rhetorical Analysis

Raising the Bar – Los Angeles Kings Often times many hockey teams have a sprout of success and a sudden downfall, but in the end there is always next year. In the article titled Raising the Bar – Los Angeles Kings, by Andrew L. Robles, the reader is to assume that the Los Angeles Kings hockey team should be very successful in the upcoming few seasons. Andrew Robles’ motivation to write this article may have occurred for many reasons. First of all, he seems to be a hockey fan who feels strongly that the Kings will have a well played season. He seems to be informing the reader of the prospects the team has acquired, and the results he is expecting with the new coaches and players hired for the team. The writing seems to be a motivational piece that is trying to get the Kings’ fans to look forward to the upcoming year. With the information and detail given by the author, it is obvious that much time and effort was put into the article. Andrew Robles was able to arrange interviews with many different players, and was able to publish their thoughts on the upcoming season. This shows the audience, and I, that time was put into the article which makes me trust him and his knowledge of the team. That is important, because now that he has the audiences’ trust, they will believe what is written, as long as i t isn’t too farfetched. The article written shows many different modes of analysis, with one of these modes being the inductive argument. With all of the facts and expert opinions that support Andrew Robles, he comes to the conclusion that the Kings will be a good team this year. The tone taken by Robles is a very formal one, as he does not relate himself to the audience at all. Robles states his opinion and why he feels the way he does. I like this form of writing, as he is not trying to get a reaction out of me. He is stating why he feels the way he does, and what facts or reasoning he has behind that opinion.

Pmo Project Management Office

A Project Management Office (PMO) is a group or department within a business, agency or enterprise that defines and maintains standards for project management within the organization. The PMO strives to standardize and introduce economies of repetition in the execution of projects. The PMO is the source of documentation, guidance and metrics on the practice of project management and execution.In some organisations this is known as the Program Management Office (sometimes abbreviated to PgMO to differentiate); the subtle difference is that program management relates to governing the management of several related projects. Traditional PMOs base project management principles on industry-standard methodologies such as PMBOK or PRINCE2. Increasingly influential industry certification programs such as ISO9000 and the Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Award (MBNQA) as well as government regulatory requirements such as Sarbanes-Oxley have propelled organizations to standardize processes[cita tion needed].Organizations around the globe are defining, borrowing and collecting best practices in process and project management and are increasingly assigning the PMO to exert overall influence and evolution of thought to continual organizational improvement[citation needed]. According to the Standish CHAOS Report (2009)[citation needed], 68% of projects do not meet time/cost/scope targets. Only 32% of projects were completed on time, within budget and delivered measurable business and stakeholder benefits. There are many reasons for such failures. As per a KPMG survey[citation needed] of 252 organizations, technology is not the most critical factor.Inadequate project management implementation constitutes 32% of project failures, lack of communication constitutes 20% and unfamiliarity with scope and complexity constitutes 17%. Accordingly 69% of project failures are due to lack and/or improper implementation of project management methodologies. Establishing a PMO group is not a short term strategy to lower costs. [1] Surveys with companies indicates that the longer they have an operating PMO group the better the results achieved to accomplish project goals (which might lead to lowering costs)[citation needed].PMOs may take other functions beyond standards and methodology, and participate in Strategic Project Management either as facilitator or actively as owner of the Portfolio Management process. Tasks may include Monitoring and Reporting on active projects (following up project until completion), and reporting progress to top management for strategic decisions on what projects to continue or cancel. A PMO can be one of three types from an organizational exposure perspective: enterprise PMO, organizational (departmental) PMO, or special–purpose PMO.The Project Management Institute (PMI) Program Management Office Community of Practice (CoP), views the PMO as a strategic driver for organizational excellence and seeks to enhance the practices of execu tion management, organizational governance, and strategic change leadership[citation needed]. As the largest community devoted to the PMO, with over 4,000 members globally, the PMO CoP is the central forum to collaborate, expand the knowledge base, and mature the PMO practice within their own organizations and the business community at large.

Concept Of Morality Essay

Examples a. Moral – protect the weak, stand up for the downtrodden, love everyone as much as you can and more every day, jump on any and all opportunities to save an innocent life, do your best to live up to your potential for the betterment of the world. Doing what is right because it is right, feeding a starving child, giving your coat to a homeless person, taking foster children and caring for them well, standing for what you know is right. 2. Amoral does not concern with any moral standard. Examples a. Amoral – chew gum, play baseball, speak French, swim in the ocean, jump in a puddle, not caring if something is right or wrong. Driving, shooting a gun, internet, reading, watching TV 3. Immoral does not act in conformity with accepted principles. Examples a. Immoral – murder for profit, treat people as tools for your advancement in business, betray your word, make decisions based on vengeance, initiate non-consensual sex, cheating on the stock market, lying maliciously, stealing, drag racing in the community at 11pm or early morning, murder, incest, doing another’s homework Different definitions of Morality a. Morality is a response to God’s incredible, freely given love and His gift of salvation offered to us through our Lord Jesus. b. Morality is a science, concerned about what ought to be , judging right from wrong in the light of revelation, one’s act of responsibility, and responding to all personal invitation of Jesus. c. Morality is searching for the norms (standards) of free human conduct in the light of revelation. d. Morality is how humans relate to or treat one another to promote mutual welfare, growth and meaning in striving for good over bad and right over wrong. e. Morality is a system or principles by which we can determine if our conduct is right or wrong, these moral ways of acting are found through our good sense. B. DIFFERENT CONCEPTS OF MAN Who is man? Karl Marx: Man is controlled by the economic organization of society. Charles Darwin: Life evolves from simple to complex form through an evolutionary process. Man struggled for existence. B. F. Skinner: All human actions are actually the result of stimuli from our environment and no person can act out of his own will. Freedom may only appear to be so because the external forces which control our action are not noticeable. Signum Freud: Man is controlled by instinct. We are not creature of reason but of instinct, particularly sexual instinct and the instinct of self-preservation. Martin Heidegger: man is the past, the present and the future. Time is an important element in the life of man. Christians: Christians are those who decide their own course of life because they know that â€Å"not to decide is to decide. † The Christians relate positively towards others because they have accepted in faith the Word of God. Passages: The dignity of the human person is rooted in his creation in the image and likeness of God; it is fulfilled in his vocation to divine beatitude. By his reason, man recognizes the voice of God which urges him to do what is good and avoid what is evil. Everyone is obliged to follow the law, which makes itself heard in conscience and is fulfilled in the love of God and neighbor. Living a moral life bears witness to the dignity of the person. -from the Catechism of the Catholic Church. Man though made of body and soul, is a unity. Through his bodily condition, he sums up in himself the elements of the material world. Through Jesus, man is brought to the highest perfection and can raise his voice in praise freely given to the Creator. Man is obliged to regard his body as good and to hold it in honor since God has created it and will raise it up on the last day. -from the Vatican II, Church in the Modern World.

7 Questions for the New Year Bringing You into Alignment with your Work

7 Questions for the New Year Bringing You into Alignment with your Work Last night I went to a Rosh Hashanah service at Beyt Tikkun in Berkeley, California, where one of the most valuable offerings of the evening was a handout entitled â€Å"High Holiday Workbook.† The workbook encourages participants to reflect on where in our lives we might have some spiritual alignment work to do. It asks questions about our relationships with other human beings, with our body and soul, and, most appropriately to my profession, with our work. How spiritually nourishing is your work? The High Holiday Workbook poses many great questions about what’s happening in the area of work. Following are some of them. I invite you to consider these questions, regardless of whether you are currently employed or looking for work as your full-time occupation: What have been the problems you’ve faced? Have you had good relationships with co-workers? Have you felt fulfilled? Have you been involved in collective efforts to change the workplace †¦ or have you felt powerless and unable to envision changing anything? If you are/were in a supervisory position, do/did you treat your supervisees with the respect that they deserve? Did you discharge anger from work [or from unemployment] by punishing yourself (e.g. through alcohol or drugs) or by dumping on friends or lovers – or did you express that anger at the appropriate targets or through collective action? How healthy were your coping mechanisms for stress? These questions encourage us to look inward and to consider doing things a different way if we find places where we are not being our spiritually highest selves. Once we answer the questions, the next step is to identify what we can contribute to transform any problems. Partnering for Support and Success As with many calls to examine our own thoughts and behavior, it is often difficult to do accomplish our goals alone. We might recognize that something needs to be done, but not do it. And so the workbook goes a step further, suggesting that we find a partner to check in with daily between now and Yom Kippur about how we are progressing on our list. This partner is ideally someone who has no personal stake in what you do or do not accomplish, and who will encourage you to think through your options without offering any pointed advice. Whatever your religious faith, now might be a good time to take on an important area of your life, or several areas, including work, health, and/or relationships. If you transform even one small area, it will have an impact on your own peacefulness and alignment, as well as on the people and communities that surround you. L’shanah tovah. Wishing you a good year full of sweetness, joy and transformation.

Pan the Goat-Footed Greek God

Pan the Goat-Footed Greek God Pan- or Faunus in Roman mythology- is the noisy goat-footed god of the Greeks. He looks after shepherds and woods, is a capable musician, and invented the instrument named after him- panpipes. He leads the nymphs in dances and stirs up panic. He is worshiped in Arcadia and is associated with sexuality. Pan's Family of Origin Pan was born in Arcadia. There are various versions of the birth of Pan. In one, his parents are Zeus and Hybris. In another, the most common version, his father is Hermes; his mother, a nymph. In another version of his birth, Pans parents are Penelope, wife of Odysseus and her mate, Hermes or, possibly, Apollo. In the bucolic Greek poet of the third century B.C. Theocritus, Odysseus is his father. Attributes of Pan The attributes or symbols associated with Pan are woods, pastures, and the syrinx- a flute. He is depicted with goats feet and two horns and wearing a lynx-pelt. In the Pan painters vase, a goat-headed and tailed young Pan pursues a youth. Pan's Death In Plutarchs Moralia, he reports a rumor about the death of Pan, who as a god, couldnt die, at least in principle. Sources Ancient sources for Pan include Apollodorus, Cicero, Euripides, Herodotus, Hyginus, Nonnius, Ovid, Pausanias, Pindar, Plato, Statius, and Theocritus. Timothy Gantz Early Greek Myths itemizes many details about the Pan traditions.

Detroit Economic Bailout Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Detroit Economic Bailout - Essay Example Microeconomics has been described as the scientific field focusing on the ‘behavior of individual households and markets’ (Saunders and Gilliard 18); emphasis is given on ‘the criteria used for defining the level of prices and for allocating resources’ (Saunders and Gilliard 18). Microeconomic variables have a critical characteristic: they refer to economy as related to the level of households and not to the level of a region (Dow and Hillard 6). At the level of households the performance of economy can be evaluated through variables such as consumer spending, prices and wages (Dow and Hillard 7). These variables will be used below in order to justify the potential positive effects of bailout on the daily life of people in Detroit. Certain microeconomic concepts will be also used, as appropriate, for making clear the relationship between economic decisions and economic performance at household’s level. The decision of Detroit’s governors to ask for a Federal bailout has faced strong criticism. The success of a similar plan used for the city’s two major auto companies, Chrysler and General Motors (Maynard 2013) is often used for justifying the necessity of Detroit’s bailout. ... At a first level, an aid of $300m has been decided to be granted to Detroit (Isidore 2013). This sum of money will not be used for paying part of the city’s debt, which is estimated to $18-$20 billion (Isidore 2013, Proctor 2012); about $150m of the total aid to Detroit will be given as a program for ‘refurbishing/ cleaning abandoned properties’ (Isidore 2013) and about $140m for the improvement of the city’s transportation system (Isidore 2013). Other programs referring to indirect benefits for the city, such as the hiring of public servants, have been also approved aiming to help the city to recover (Isidore 2013). So far, the Congress has been opposed to the provision of financial aid to Detroit on the basis that such claims could be set by other cities (National Report 2013). President Obama has decided to bypass Congress and proceed to the financial support of Detroit so that the expansion of the crisis is controlled (National Report 2013). The value o f the bailout of Detroit can be understood by presenting the statistics related to the city’s economic performance at household level. In 2009 the average household income in Detroit has been declined by a percentage of about 92% compared to 2000 (Figure 1). Detroit, Michigan: -92.2% Michigan: -98.8% Figure 1 - Median Household income in Detroit and in Michigan in general, from 2000 to 2009 (Source: City Data) The scheme for the bailout of Detroit could enhance the city’s average household income in the following way: by increasing the public servants working across the city households across Detroit could be given an important financial relief, a fact that would lead to the

The Government System of the State of Nebraska Term Paper

The Government System of the State of Nebraska - Term Paper Example Politically, the agitation for statehood was largely by Republicans who were also behind the drafting of the constitution. Early amendments were undertaken such that the most formal definition of the Nebraska Constitution is the document written and approved in 1875, which makes it the 17th oldest state constitution (Miewald, Longo and Schultz, 2010). Â  A good number of changes have been made to the constitution of the state of Nebraska such that it is nearly unrecognizable from the 1966 draft as it has been amended 228 times (Gless, 2008). Throughout its timeline and amendments, perhaps, the most notable and significant moment is the conversion of the state's legislature to unicameral one in 1934. After 68 years of traditional bicameral-senate and house of representatives-legislature, the people of Nebraska voted in the unicameral legislature with the first session being held in 1937. The change took effect after observing on-goings in Queensland Australia, which had itself adopted the unicameral legislature ten years earlier. The proponents in Nebraska observed that the bicameral legislature was based on the British system where there is the presence of the House of Lords, which was deemed as undemocratic. To date, Nebraska remains the only state in the USA with a single-house legislature (Foran, 2002). Â  This consists of six officers, a number of departments, several governmental agencies and several state bodies (Heineman, 2010). The six executive officers are the governor, lieutenant governor, secretary of state, auditor of public accounts, treasurer and the attorney-general. The supreme executive power of the state is vested in the governor, with their duty being to ensure the constitution is protected, and the state is run efficiently.

Argumentation-Persusasion ( Legalize Marijuana) Essay

Argumentation-Persusasion ( Legalize Marijuana) - Essay Example Moreover, the other two most popular drugs in US, tobacco and alcohol, are legal and they protest that marijuana should also be made legal (Morgan 2011). The arguments on the legalization of marijuana are quite vast and diverse and cover various aspects encompassing medical, economic, legal and social aspects. In 1937, the Marijuana Tax Act was first signed by President Roosevelt as a federal law and became effective in October. According to the federal state laws, any person in possession of marijuana for the first time has to pay a fine of amount $1,000 along with imprisonment of one year. Possession for another time can cost the offender being sent to prison for up to three years. The cultivation or business in marijuana sale can lead to severe punishments which include life-time imprisonment and a very huge amount of fine (Morgan 2011). The supporters of marijuana legalization put forward the US budget crisis to support their arguments. Marijuana legislation will save 41.3 billion dollars spent on arrests and jail imprisonment every year. This economic aspect is significant as estimates of 750,000 people are arrested each year because of possession or sale of marijuana. Other savings will include the payments to judges, court trials, juries and other legal formalities. With the curren t debt of thirteen trillion dollars, US can benefit from the legalization of Marijuana (Turnlund 2011). Another point highlighted is, the tax on the sale of marijuana sale, which can produce billions of money in the yearly revenue. With this money, the government can spend this amount on improving other more significant areas (Morgan 2011). The opponents of marijuana resist the legalization of marijuana by claiming that if marijuana is legalized, it would lead to emergence of new users who had up till now resisted the temptation because of the law enforcements. Another issue is that marijuana

A Fitness Center Where Every Body Benefits Marketing Essay

A Fitness Center Where Every Body Benefits Marketing Essay Entrepreneurship project that was assigned to us was to make a business plan of a new business venture. The report covers the core concepts that are involved in the making of and implementation of a new companys business plan. Identifying the opportunity and taking the initiative towards something novel and different, a new venture concept that I have decided is a fitness center. This report contains about the company, identification of the target market, strategies to penetrate in the target market segmenting it to different locations, the industry analysis, marketing plan and positioning of the company, effective pricing strategy, how to promote it to clients through different strategies of advertising and promotion, the operational plan for the early stages of the company and the financial factors that are major challenges for the company THE BUSINESS Our vision: To make BODYFIT a place where every body benefits. Mission statement: Your fitness is our priority. We strive to provide you a safe, healthy and secure fitness environment. where customers can achieve their fitness goals. Our professional, expert and qualified staff is committed to the highest level dedication that ensures the satisfaction of customers fitness with motivation and quality Opportunity (potential business): We are going to launch new company in Islamabad, Pakistan which is basically a fitness center/club. In Islamabad, there are already few companies that are providing such services like FIT n FLEX, METAFITNOSIS, and FITNESS FIRST, ULTIMATE GYM etc. so there is a room for a new fitness center to establish and capture the market and response. As we have recently seen this trend that people are becoming conscious day by day about their health and fitness and they want such a place where they can get fitness under proper guidance from professionals. So by setting up our fitness center we can cater the needs of our customers by providing unique services under one roof, and get our market share in health industry. MANAGEMENT STRUCTURE Board of Directors: initially the board of directors will be the inside investors who providing with the necessary funding and investment to the company. Law firm: Accounting firm:KPMG Consulting firm: The management team is very crucial for any business success. Our team consists of dedicated members who strive to achieve the maximum benefit for the organization and its customers. Of them MD will play vital role in management by using his expertise and knowledge in the smooth and efficient running of the organization. He would have to oversee and control all the major departments of the company. COMPANY STRUCTURE INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY The company would be established under the legal structure of: Private LTD Company. And the brand name would be protected through registering the company name so that it cannot be copied. As per requirement patents and copyrights would also be applied for. The company will consist of the following departments and their duties would be as follows:- Management department As our vision and mission statement, management departments aim is to translate vision and mission in strategic manner to achieve the targets and goals. As this department is the backbone of any organization. The managing Director (MD) will control the structure of the organization. Finance department To make the required statements and analysis such as Budgeting, Cash flow Profit and loss statement, Expense sheet, Project plan sheet, Financial analysis, Balance sheet etc HR department   Making necessary adjustments in terms of human resource such as training, hiring, recruiting, appraising, evaluating and compensation packages. Accounts department Updating accounts on the daily basis and giving reports to the management. Security department Providing safe environment to the customers and management. Maintenance department Making sure that every machinery and equipment is in place and up and running. Rules and regulations: Necessary rules and regulations will be laid down to for adherence to company policies to provide members a safe, enjoyable, healthy and comfortable experience. The members and guest would have to sign the required documents before using the fitness center facilities. And if some changes are made to the policies our members will be informed beforehand. INDUSTRY ANALYSIS As also mentioned above that recent trend of people becoming conscious day by day about their health and fitness concerns. So this is a very good opportunity for us to enter into and start a fitness center. As this market is still in its growing stage there is a high chance of earning profit by providing these services to our customers. for this we also conducted a SWOT analysis of our project which is as follows. SWOT analysis: Strengths: Friendly, safe and healthy environment. International standard equipments from USA. Professionally qualified and expert trainers. Diversified and flexible training program tailored for each customer. Separate timings for males and females, and Co facility for specific timings for couples only Weaknesses: Less space for future project extension. Limited number of members can be given membership due to less space. Lack of Experience in this industry. Threats: Established Competitor (FIT n FLEX, METAFITNOSIS) Higher than expected Cost. Contingencies. Legal and Security Issues. Opportunities: Market is still not saturated which provides incentives to expansion. Collaborate with well renowned fitness centers nationally and internationally. Market segmentation and Target market Marketing segmentation will be done on the basis of Geographical region City = Islamabad Area = E, F and G sectors In future we plan to open our branch in Bahria town. Demographic factors Age = from 12-45 and above Gender = male and female Occupation= no restriction in terms of occupation we would be targeting everyone who can afford. Psychographic Values and Life Style Achievers   Health conscious Sporty Party goers Stylish Identifying possible competitive advantages. As the Company is new in the market, with different features and attributes, so the management have identified that competitive advantage are its unique services, and good team. MARKETING PLAN Actually marketing plan consists of all those items that create and increase the demand of its product. PRODUCTS SERVICES GYM WORKOUT BODYBUILDING: COMBINED GYM. We would be providing our members with top notch international standard, the very latest and advanced equipment, that will guarantee a comfortable and effective exercise experience. A personal training program will also be offered to customers who require full attention from our expert trainers. State of the art Gym that will have around 90 plus machines. Consisting of:- 1-Light weight area.   2-Heavy Weight area for professional and extensive body building program. LADIES: A separate area for ladies consisting of the equipment specially for their purpose. exclusive state of the art Gym.   1-Light weight area Equipped with Biomechanical Machines. 2-Heavy Weight area (specifically for women) Equipped with Heavy Machines for professionals SWIM SCHOOL: Private classes would be available at any level for adults as well as children. Children must be at least 8 years old to participate in private lessons Our pool would be a rectangle shaped pool with sun beds, a mini island, rockeries, waterfall etc Temperature controlled water with standard filtering system. MASSAGE SERVICES:   we would also be providing massage services to our market. Our dedicated staff is eager to graciously pamper you from the moment you arrive, stressed, until you depart, refreshed and re-energized. PRICING The pricing strategy portion of the marketing plan involves determining how we will price our product or service; the price we charge has to be competitive but still allow us to make a reasonable profit. We would be charging different price depending on the package that the customer has opted for and the time period for which he/she wishes to join our fitness center. We set our prices by examining how much it costs us to produce the product or service and adding a fair price for the benefits that the client will enjoy. Place:- We have bought a land in F-9 park which is an ideal location for our business. The place and the surrounding and the atmosphere provided in our club is perfect for our customers as it will be away from the noisy and busy area of the city. PROMOTION:- Different mediums will be used to communicate to our market. The tools which we would be focusing on for launching our business would be advertising and public relation. Which will include. RADIO: The reason for choosing radio is because of its large mass appeal and secondly it is less costly compared to television advertisement. Newspaper and magazine Press relations:-Creating and placing news worthy information in the news media to attract attention to a person, product or service. Public affairs:-Building and maintaining national or local community relations is called public affairs. Public relations are used to promote products. We would be having our own website and company pages on social networking sites. To keep on informing our customers. OPERATIONS PLAN Operational plan includes the day to day activities of our business and how we would be working towards providing the services to the customers. as already mentioned before we are providing fitness services to our customers in terms of gym, swimming and massage facilities. We would be providing services ourselves and it wont be outsourced or contracted out to some other firm. The location of our business is in sector F-9 of Islamabad. As such we wont be requiring or needing a place to keep inventories as we primarily are providing services to our customers. However, we would be requiring some space for machinery that is out of order and for maintenance purposes. We at BODYFIT will ensure that our members get high quality satisfied services. We will be regularly asking our members for feedback and ways to improve our services. We will make sure that our equipment is in the best possible condition while maintenance will be done frequently. Rules and policies regarding the operations will be mentioned in the rules and regulations section which will be signed by each and every member before becoming a part of BODYFIT. FINANCIAL PLANS In order to start the business we would be requiring fairly large amount of investment. For that purpose we have decided to split the investment in terms of loans and equity. 60% of the funding required will be attained through bank loan and the rest 40% will be financed by equity that is through shareholders. Our main source of revenue will come in two ways. 60-70% of revenue will come through the monthly fees and membership fees from the customers. and remaining revenue will come from the consulting services that we will be giving in terms of personal training. Salaries of staff and trainers and rent are the two major expenses while depreciation is another significant cost that will increase as the company develops.   Purchasing of fitness medical and office equipment is expensive constant replacement will be needed to minimize depreciation costs and maintain a competitive edge.   In order to maintain steady gross margins salaries and advertising expenses are not likely to increase within the first two years of operation. The company would be frequently evaluating and assessing its financial postion interms of profit and loss statement, balance sheet and cash flow statements. And keep an eye on working capital so that the business is able to meet its short term financial obligations and smooth running of the business. The most important financial indicators are net increase in cash and net income. Net increase from cash will represent the relationship between net income and net cash from operating activities. The greater the increase is the better it is for the companys level of financial strength at that point in time.

Breast Cancer Essay -- Diseases/Disorders

Breast cancer is the second most common cancer in the world (Breast). Every three minutes a woman is diagnosed: one in eight women will have breast cancer (Walgreens, 2011; Chen, 2010). â€Å"I have to admit, like so many women, I always knew there was a chance. But like so many women, I never thought it would be me. I never thought I'd hear those devastating words: 'You have breast cancer.' â€Å"- Debbie Wasserman Schultz, a democratic representative of Florida (2011). Mutations turn genes on and off, activating diseases; all women have a chance of developing breast cancer (Understanding; Breast). Unhealthy cells divide and form a tumor. The tumor can be benign and not dangerous. Malignant tumors can become potentially dangerous (Understanding). The cancer becomes invasive when it spreads to other breast areas. Cancer that has not invaded other breast tissues remains noninvasive; noninvasive cancer can become invasive if not treated (Chen, 2010). If cancer cells get into the lymph nodes, the cells can get into the bloodstream and spread throughout the body (Understanding; Rosen, 2011). Ductal carcinoma cancer starts in the breast milk ducts (Chen, 2010). The milk ducts drain milk from the lobules to the nipple: 50-75% of breast cancer starts in the ducts (Understanding; Facts). Lobular carcinoma cancer develops in the lobules which produce milk: 10-15% of breast cancer starts in the lobules (Chen, 2010; Facts). Breast cancer starting in another area is rare (Chen, 2010). Rarely, a phyllodes tumor develops in the stroma or connective tissue of the breast (Rosen, 2011). Inflammatory breast cancer accounts for 1% to 3% of breast cancers. The skin of the breast looks red and feels warm with no lump: due to cancer cells blocking... ...greens. (2011, September 28). Behind The Scenes of Lifetime's FIVE [Video file]. Retrieved November 16, 2015 from http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aeVZg2lWIlw Understanding Breast Cancer. Breastcancer.org. Retrieved November 25, 2015 from http://www.breastcancer.org/ About Breast Cancer. National Breast Cancer Foundation, Inc.. Retrieved November 25, 2015 from http://www.nationalbreastcancer.org/ Facts for Life. Susan G. Komen for the Cure. Retrieved November 25, 2015 from http://ww5.komen.org/BreastCancer/FactsForLife.html Breast Cancer Facts. The Breast Cancer Society Inc.. Retrieved November 25, 2015 from http://www.breastcancersociety.org/aboutbreastcancer/factsandstatistics/breastcancerfact.shtml Rosen, Leo and Rosen, Gloria. (2011).Learn About Cancer. American Cancer Society. Retrieved November 26, 2015 from http://www.cancer.org/cancer/breastcancer/index